![]() ![]() Most meat for consumption is muscle, so that diet is a potential source of creatinine, but by comparison with creatinine derived endogenously from muscle metabolism, the amount of exogenous (dietary) creatinine is usually slight and transitory. In healthy adults plasma creatinine concentration is maintained within the approximate reference range 60-120 µmol/L (0.7-1.4 mg/dL), with females having values at the lower end of this range and males at the higher end, reflecting their differing muscle bulk. The concentration of plasma creatinine thus reflects the balance between the rate of creatinine production by muscle tissue and the rate of elimination by the kidneys. This elimination is exclusively via the kidneys in urine. Although there is variability between individuals, for a given individual daily creatinine production remains pretty well constant so long as total muscle mass is unchanging.Ĭreatinine has no metabolic function and once released to blood from muscle cells, its fate is elimination from the body. The daily rate of creatinine production from creatine depends on total muscle mass and so varies greatly between individuals, but is of the order 0.5 g for children, 1.5 g for adult females and 2.0 g for adult males. But it begins with a brief general consideration of the role of plasma creatinine measurement for assessment of renal function.Ĭreatinine is an endogenous product of muscle metabolism, specifically it is derived from creatine, a substance that in its phosphorylated state is involved in ATP-mediated energy transfer within muscle cells. The article will include discussion of what is known about the pathogenesis of NSF, the triggering role of pre-existing renal disease along with the significance of MRI scanning. Here the focus is NSF and how measurement of serum creatinine is used to identify those patients at risk of the condition. Consideration of the significance of serum creatinine measurement in CIN is reserved for the second article. An ever-increasing number of patients submitted for X-ray and other body imaging examinations such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan are given image-enhancing contrast agents that can be associated with adverse effect.Īmong these adverse effects are two conditions that are the focus of the two articles: nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). This is the first of two articles that highlight the clinical value of creatinine measurement in the radiology department. With incorporation of creatinine analyses to blood gas and other point-of-care platforms the test is now available outside the laboratory, at the bedside and in the clinic. **ACR 30-300 mg/g for > 3 months indicates CKD.Clinical laboratory measurement of serum/plasma creatinine concentration has been used to assess patient kidney function for well over 50 years. ‡In the absence of evidence of kidney damage, neither GFR category G1 nor G2 fulfill the criteria for CKD. Persistent and increased albuminuria has been shown to be an independent risk factor for CKD progression. † Neither the category of GFR nor the category of albuminuria alone can fully capture prognosis of CKD. In the absence of evidence of kidney damage, neither GFR category G1 nor G2 fulfill the criteria for CKD. Based on the information supplied: GFR category is:‡ ![]()
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